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                  As protected areas designation 
                  in Lebanon has not followed any criteria or procedure, this 
                  process has unfortunately excluded many of the Lebanese unique 
                  and valuable ecosystems, landscape, and habitats with all what 
                  they endow of beauty and biodiversity of any legal or 
                  pronounced protection. 
                    
                  
                  
                  This stato de facto has 
                  exposed Lebanese lands to various threats aggravated by 
                  population growth, urbanization and industrialization leading 
                  to desertification, deforestation, infestations, erosion, and 
                  destruction of the ecosystems and habitats.  
                    
                  
                  
                  Affirming the need to have a 
                  clear vision for the protection of the Lebanese lands, 
                  ecosystems, landscape, habitats and biodiversity to conserve 
                  the natural resources and ecological services on which our 
                  survival depends, MOE within the framework of the Stable 
                  Institutional Structure for Protected Areas Management (SISPAM) 
                  Project is currently preparing a protected areas category 
                  system for Lebanon. 
                    
                  
                  
                  As this issue is a national 
                  responsibility, it must be shared by all relevant PA 
                  stakeholders and the community at large. For this purpose, a 
                  large number of key stakeholders were consulted such as 
                  ministries (Environment, Tourism, Transport, Culture, and 
                  Energy & Water), universities, Nature Reserves Committees and 
                  management teams, municipalities and independent experts. 
                    
                  
                  
                  The proposed national category 
                  system for PAs in Lebanon is consistent to the IUCN category 
                  system. It is composed of: 
                  
                    - 
                    
                    
                    National Park (IUCN Category 
                    II),  
                    - 
                    
                    
                    Natural Monument (IUCN 
                    Category III),  
                    - 
                    
                    
                    Habitat/Species Management 
                    Areas (IUCN Category III), and  
                    - 
                    
                    
                    Protected 
                    Landscapes/Seascapes (IUCN Category IV).  
                   
                  
                                        
                  a) Hima 
                  System 
                    
                  
                  
                  As these categories are still 
                  not yet officially adopted, please 
                  share with us your input, 
                  thoughts and comments.  |